Earticle

초록

영어

In the wake of the Sino-Japanese War, the enlightenment movement of the Chinese Red Cross began to emerge. Educated people used newspapers and magazines such as Xinbo as a means of promoting the Red Cross. Sun Zhongshan, Sun Gan, Lu Shufan, Shen Dunhe, and others introduced the Red Cross rescue knowledge system to China, and on March 10, 1904, the Chinese Red Cross Society was born. During the Republic of China era, the Chinese Red Cross movement entered a period of modernization and development, during which field ambulance services, organizing public medical and health services, developing social aid and welfare services, and participating in international rescue were the main tasks of the Red Cross. In the early years of the founding of the new China, the Chinese Red Cross was successfully reorganized during the period of socialist construction. During the planned economy, the Chinese Red Cross returned to its legitimate place, participating in battlefield ambulance services to the United States and North Korea, actively conducting patriotic health campaigns in China, and engaging in civilian diplomacy. While domestic Red Cross activities stagnated during the Cultural Revolution, overseas Red Cross operations continued to operate normally. The promulgation of the Chinese Red Cross Society Law in 1993, during the market economy, was a landmark event. During this period, the idea of "building a Red Cross cause with Chinese characteristics" was put forward, emergency rescue work was carried out in an orderly manner, and humanitarian assistance and services were continuously expanded. In addition, the ability to mobilize humanitarian resources has been greatly strengthened, humanitarian cultural dissemination has been carried out in depth, exchanges between the Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan Red Crosses have been deepened, and the role of members of the international Red Cross movement and civil diplomacy has been effectively played. Members of the international Red Cross movement and civilian diplomacy have effectively played their roles. At the same time, the organizational system and governance structure of the Red Cross have also been gradually improved. Entering a new era, the Opinions on Strengthening and Improving the Work of Party Organizations issued by the CPC Central Committee in 2015 and the Reform Program of the Chinese Red Cross Society issued by the General Secretary of the State Council in 2018 emphasized that the Chinese Red Cross cause is an important part of the socialist cause with Chinese characteristics and that the Chinese Red Cross Society is a bridge and link for the Party and government to reach out to the public in the humanitarian field. The Red Cross work with Chinese characteristics has been developing for nearly 120 years and has made remarkable achievements, but now faces many opportunities and challenges.

중국어

以甲午战争为嚆失, 中国红十字的启蒙运动开始兴起. 有识之士以《申报》等报刊为载体, 宣传红十字. 孙中 山、孙淦, 陆树藩, 沈敦和等将红十字救护知识系统引进中国. 1904年3月10日中国红十字会的诞生. 民国时期, 中国红十字运动进入近代化发展时期, 这一时期, 战地救护, 举办公共医疗卫生事业, 开展社会救助和福利事业 及参与国际救援是红会的重点工作. 新中国成立初期, 社会主义建设时期中国红十字会成功改组. 计划经济时期, 中国红十字会回复合法席位, 参与了抗美援朝战场救护, 在国内大力开展爱国卫生运动, 同时积极开展民间外交. 文革时期, 国内红十字事业停滞, 国外红十字事业正常运转. 市场经济时期, 1993年《中国红十字会法》颁布具 有里程碑意义. 这一时期, 提出了“建设有中国特色的红十字事业”, 应急救护工作有序开展, 人道救助和人道服 务不断拓展, 人道资源动员能力显著增强, 人道文化传播深入开展, 港澳台红十字交流逐步深入, 国际红十字运 动成员和民间外交作用有效发挥. 同时, 红十字会的组织体系与治理结构逐步完善. 进入新时代, 2015年中共中 央印发《关于加强和改进党的群团工作的意见》以及2018年国务院办公厅印发《中国红十字总会改革方案》等, 强调中国红十字事业是中国特色社会主义事业的重要组成部分, 中国红十字会是党和政府在人道领域联系群众的 桥梁和纽带. 中国特色的红十字事业经历了近120年的发展, 取得了非凡的成就, 但也面临着机遇和挑战.

목차

요약
1. 서론
2. 중국에서 적십자 사상의 확산: 중국적십자회의 구상(1875-1903)
3. 중국적십자회 창립: 5개국 동맹에서 독립적 발전의 길로(1904-1911)
4. 중국 적십자사의 성장: 공화당 시기(1912-1949) 안팎의 변화
5. 중국 적십자사의 전쟁 구호: 난징 국민 정부 시기(1927-1945)
6. 결론 및 제언
참고문헌
Abstract

키워드

저자

• 문야오리 [ Wen, Yaoli | 중국 서북정법대학교 중국적십자와 인도주의연구센터 교수 ] 제1저자
• 최은라 [ Choi, Eunna | 삼육대학교 대학원 교육상담복지학과 외래교수 ] 제2저자
• 정종화 [ Jeong, JongHwa | 삼육대학교 사회복지학과 교수 ] 교신저자

참고문헌

발행기관

간행물

표지보기 관심저널 등록

• 간행물명

  사회복지역사연구 [Journal of Social Welfare History]

• 간기

  반년간

• pISSN

  2635-7720

• 수록기간

  2018~2024

• 십진분류

  KDC 338 DDC 362