Earticle

초록

영어

This thesis examines population and immigration from the perspective of balanced national development and local annihilation. From a macro perspective, at the global level, population growth is rather a problem. On the other hand, from a microscopic point of view, the population is decreasing in developed countries and increasing in developing countries. Already in 1798, Thomas Robert Malthus had a gloomy forecast of population growth. At that time, the world population was about 3.5 billion people. In 1996, Mathis Wackernagel and William Rees devised the concept of an ecological footprint, which by 1970 had already made the earth unsustainable. Meanwhile, Korea stopped the birth control policy in 1989 when it stopped the contraceptive program. In 1996, the government of the Republic of Korea changed the goal of its population policy from ‘restriction of birth’ to ‘improvement of quality’. However, despite spending 280 trillion won in the budget to solve the population problem for the past 16 years, the fertility rate plummeted to 0.75 in the second quarter of 2022. In the Republic of Korea, balanced national development has emerged as an important national policy since the Roh Moo-hyun administration (1998-1993). However, 20 years later, the balanced national development policy has failed or has not achieved the desired result. Not many people believe that balanced national development will be achieved by relocating additional public institutions or giving more money to local governments. Obsolete policies should be discarded and thoroughly revised. Balanced national development can never be achieved with the same policies as before. Among the current balanced national development policies, the most contradictory thing is that for the population concentrated in the metropolitan area, new towns are built to provide housing while promoting local distribution of the population. Housing supply in the metropolitan area and balanced national development are conflicting policies. As the influx of short-term foreign workers became difficult in the COVID-19 situation, farmers, in particular, suffered extreme difficulties due to a shortage of labor. And in this situation, it is carefully suggested as a solution to immigration as a way to solve the labor force. However, in rural areas, not only the labor shortage, but also the cultivated area and income must be comprehensively considered, and the problems sometimes conflict. There are a few things that Korea should consider before introducing full-scale immigration. These are the types of policies that accept foreigners, the difference between urban and rural areas, policies to increase the fertility rate, the formation of migrant-focused residences, and spatial heterogeneity. It is an era of autonomy and decentralization. A differentiated development plan that reflects the characteristics of each local government is the responsibility of each local government. More important than attracting funds and business from the central government is the competitiveness and self-reliance of local governments. And the most fundamental way to increase the fertility rate is to show a vision and hope for the future. This is not a problem that can be solved with childbirth subsidies.

목차

Abstract
1. 서론
2. 자연적 선택의 부정적 결과로서의 지역격차
3. 수도권 주택공급 정책과 국가균형발전정책의 조정
4. 인구의 질적 성장 추구
4.1. 제로 섬 게임 탈피
4.2. 축소도시의 고려
4.3. 인구의 질적 성장 추구
4.4. 유동인구의 활용
5. 자치단체의 역할
6. 한국의 농촌의 현황
6.1. 농가수
6.2. 농가 인구
6.3. 경지면적
6.4. 판매액
7. 이민정책 실행과 이민청 설립에 앞서 고려되어야 할 사항
7.1. 외국인 정착 유형
7.2. 한국의 도시와 농촌의 차이
7.3. 출산율 제고 정책과 양질의 노동력
7.4. 주거지 분리와 이민자 집중 거주지
7.5. 이민 후 세대
8. 결론
주
참고문헌

키워드

저자

• 임형백 [ Lim, Hyung Baek | 성결대학교 국제개발협력학과 교수 ] 단독저자

참고문헌

발행기관

간행물

표지보기 관심저널 등록

• 간행물명

  한국지역개발학회지 [Journal of the Korean Regional Development Association]

• 간기

  연5회

• pISSN

  1225-9055

• 수록기간

  1989~2026

• 등재여부

  KCI 등재

• 십진분류

  KDC 322 DDC 330