Earticle

초록

영어

Alpha-linolenic acid is an important polyunsaturated fatty acid that exhibits anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative effects. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of alpha-linolenic acid on the cell proliferation and differentiation of C2C12 cells under essential amino acid-deficient conditions. Different concentrations of alpha-linolenic acid and essential amino acids were added to the growth and differentiation media. The concentrations of 10 μM of alphalinolenic acid and 2% essential amino acid were chosen for subsequent experiments. Supplementation with alpha-linolenic acid and essential amino acids improved the proliferation and differentiation of C2C12 cells and significantly increased the mRNA levels of catalase, superoxide dismutase, B-cell lymphoma-2, and beclin-1 as well as the protein levels of PPARγ coactivator-1α compared to those in the controls. Moreover, supplementation with alpha-linolenic acid and essential amino acids reduced the levels of phosphorylated H2A.X variant histone, Bcl-2-associated X, p53, and light chain 3 during C2C12 cell proliferation, and increased the expression levels of myogenic factors 4 (myogenin) and 5 during C2C12 cell differentiation. Overall, we determined that alpha-linolenic acid and essential amino acids maintained the cell proliferation and differentiation of C2C12 cells via their anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic, and anti-autophagic effects.

목차

ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Cell culture
C2C12 myoblast proliferation
C2C12 myoblast differentiation
Cell proliferation assay
Immunofluorescence analysis
TUNEL assay
Western blotting analysis
Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Statistical analyses
RESULTS
Proliferation of C2C12 myoblasts is affected by ALA and EAAs
ALA and EAAs affect PCNA and Ki-67 proliferative marker
ALA and EAAs regulate the antioxidant systems in C2C12 cells
ALA and EAAs prevent DNA damage in C2C12 cells
ALA and EAAs reduce apoptosis and autophagy in C2C12 cells
ALA and EAAs improve the differentiation capacities of C2C12 cells
ALA and EAAs regulate the differentiation marker in C2C12 cells
DISCUSSION
REFERENCES

키워드

저자

• Dongjie Zhou [ Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea ]
• Xiao-Han Li [ Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea ]
• Song‑Hee Lee [ Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea ]
• Geun Heo [ Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea ]
• Xiang-Shun Cui [ Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea ] Corresponding Author

참고문헌

발행기관

간행물

관심저널 등록

• 간행물명

  Journal of Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology

• 간기

  계간

• pISSN

  2671-4639

• eISSN

  2671-4663

• 수록기간

  2019~2026

• 십진분류

  KDC 527 DDC 636