Earticle

초록

영어

A debate on amending the constitution of the Republic of Korea (hereinafter referred to as “Constitution”) is in full swing. The current Constitution was revised without anticipating the intensification of the information society triggered by the changes in the media environment and the development of digital technology as follows: the descents of traditional media such as newspapers and magazines; changes in news consumption style centered on Internet portals; the rise of Internet media such as newspapers, personalized news using personal information, targeted advertisements, etc. For this reason, many scholars majored in constitutional law has argued that it should be reflected in the revision of the Constitution considering the changed information environment. Given the deepened information society, the necessity of revising these constitutions has been strengthened. As a result, various revisions including the revision of the Constitution proposed by President Moon Jae-in in 2018 are responding to such needs through the establishment of fundamental rights on information. In the meantime, various opinions have been suggested about how to add fundamental rights on information in revising the Constitution. It was difficult for the Korean society to find a good example because the information environment was ahead of any other society in the world. Therefore, the comparative legal methodology that the Korean Constitution mainly depends on was not useful in establishing fundamental rights on information. There is a need to establish a fundamental right to meet the new information environment and media environment. This article aims to suggest alternatives to establish a new fundamental right on information and how to express them if they are revised in Korea. To accomplish this purpose, this paper examined the concept of fundamental right on information as well as the concrete contents (type) of the fundamental right on information previously presented, and categorized them into four: personal information right, right to know, enjoyment of information culture and resolution of digital divide, and information security right (Ⅱ). In each case, a background of the adoption claim, a concept and contents, a realization structure, comparative legal considerations, such as the constitution of other countries, and revisions to the Constitution were examined (Ⅲ). Through these reviews, this paper suggests that the right of personal information, right to know (right to access information, and right to disclose information), and the right of information security should be established in the form of a fundamental rights clause. In addition, the contents of the enjoyment of information culture and the resolution of the digital divide are defined in the national target clause. However, because of the significant time that has passed, this paper suggests that the clause’s conversion into a fundamental right clause should be reviewed. In particular, this paper proposes to establish the right of personal information as follows: “Everyone has the right to self-information.” Secondly, the right to know is suggested to be established as follows: “Everyone has the right to access and obtain information that is generally accessible,” and “Everyone may claim to the public the disclosure of information that is generally accessible.” Third, the enjoyment of information culture and resolution of the digital divide are suggested to be established as follows: “The State shall endeavor to ensure that all citizens enjoy the information culture,” and “The State shall endeavor to ensure to solve the digital divide.” Finally, the right of information security is proposed to be established as follows: “Everyone has the right to a confidential, flawless, and reliable information system, sas well as an information and communications network.” If the question of the appropriateness of the so-called 1987 system is solved by amending the Constitution, it is essential that not only the constitution and the operation of the national institution but also the maintenance of fundamental rights in line with social change are necessary. Moreover, the establishment of information fundamental rights already mentioned is one of the core contents. Those who directly participate in the revision of the Constitution should bear this point in mind.

한국어

이 글은 정보기본권에 관한 선행연구를 바탕으로 정보기본권의 개념과 구체적 내용(유형),그러한 기본권 신설 주장의 배경과 필요성, 다른 나라 헌법 등 비교법적 고찰, 기존의 헌법개정안의 고찰을 통하여 당해 기본권의 신설 여부와 신설 방안 제시를 목적으로 한다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 우선 정보기본권의 개념과 기존에 제시된 정보기본권의 구체적 내용(유형)을 검토한 후 개인정보권, 알 권리, 정보문화 향유와 정보격차 해소, 정보보안권 네 가지로 범주화하고(Ⅱ), 각 항목별로 그 도입 주장의 배경, 개념과 내용, 그 실현 구조, 다른 나라 헌법 등 비교법적 고찰, 기존 헌법개정안의 고찰을 통하여 당해 기본권의 신설이 필요한지, 새로운 헌법에 어떤 방식으로 신설되는 것이 타당한지 제시하였다(Ⅲ). 이러한 검토를 통하여 (ⅰ) 정보기본권에는 표현의 자유, 알 권리(정보접근권, 정보공개청구권), 개인정보권, 정보보안권, 정보문화 향유와 정보격차 해소, 정보재산권 등 기존에 주장되던 여러 기본권이 포함된다, (ⅱ) 기존 기본권의 보호범위 등을 고려하면 이러한 기본권 중 개인정보권, 알 권리(정보접근권, 정보공개청구권), 정보보안권은 기본권 형식으로신설하는 것이 타당하다, (ⅲ) 2018년 현재를 기준으로 정보문화 향유와 정보격차 해소에관한 내용은 국가목표조항으로 규정하되, 시간이 좀 더 흐른 후에 기본권 형식으로 전환을 검토하는 것이 타당하다고 결론지었다.

목차

국문초록
Ⅰ. 문제 제기
Ⅱ. 정보기본권의 개념과 범주화
1. 정보기본권의 개념
2. 정보기본권의 독자적 체계화 필요성과 가능성
3. 정보기본권의 범주화
Ⅲ. 정보기본권의 구체적 내용
1. 개인정보권
2. 알 권리
3. 정보문화 향유와 정보격차 해소
4. 정보보안권
Ⅳ. 결론
참고문헌
ABSTRACT

키워드

저자

• 정필운 [ Jung, Pilwoon | 한국교원대학교 일반사회교육과 교수 ]

참고문헌

발행기관

간행물

표지보기 관심저널 등록

• 간행물명

  미디어와 인격권 [Journal of Media and Defamation Law]

• 간기

  연3회

• pISSN

  2465-9207

• eISSN

  2465-9460

• 수록기간

  2015~2025

• 등재여부

  KCI 등재

• 십진분류

  KDC 331 DDC 301