Earticle

초록

영어

Tasan Chŏng Yagyong (1762–1836) used terminology borrowed from the mainstream Neo-Confucian tradition to construct a philosophy of human nature that was very different from what is seen in the writings of Neo-Confucians who preceded him. He agreed with them in ranking human beings as morally superior to animals. However, his reason for doing so was not the same as theirs. He argued that human beings, unlike animals, are endowed with a heart-and-mind capable of penetrating insight, which allows them to choose how to act. Moreover, their decisions on how to act are influenced by two conflicting propensities, one for acting morally and one for acting selfishly. That meant human beings were not virtuous by nature. It was as natural for them to act selfishly as it was for them to act appropriately. In another break with Neo-Confucian tradition, he argued that above human beings there existed another category of sentient beings. Unlike human beings, they were spiritual beings, in that they were not composed of ki, the matter-energy both human beings and animals were made of. They were spirits, conscious immaterial beings. When we examine how Tasan defined human nature and how he compared it to the natures of other material beings as well as to the natures of totally immaterial beings, it becomes clear that, for Tasan, human beings were between heaven and earth, neither lowly animals nor pure spirits. They were simply human beings, with all the advantages and disadvantages that entailed.

목차

Abstract
 TASAN AND MAINSTREAM NEO-CONFUCIANISM
 REDEFINING HUMAN BEINGS
 DISTINGUISHING HUMAN NATURE FROM THE NATURE OF ANIMALS
 IS THERE NOTHING SUPERIOR TO HUMAN BEINGS?
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCES

키워드

저자

• DONALD L. BAKER [ a professor in the Department of Asian Studies, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. ]

참고문헌

발행기관

간행물

표지보기 관심저널 등록

• 간행물명

  Acta Koreana

• 간기

  반년간

• pISSN

  1520-7412

• 수록기간

  1998~2025

• 등재여부

  KCI 등재,SCOPUS,A&,HCI

• 십진분류

  KDC 912 DDC 951