Earticle

초록

영어

Ernest Hemingway could collect various sources to write his works from the travels and many experiences. To evaluate his works rightly, there are many important things which are worthy of attention in both his travels and experiences. When he was a reporter at the Kansas City Star, he was trained for not using superfluous words. In Paris years, he could learn how to write a story like a painting through the iceberg theory and it had a strong influence on his works. Hemingway learned “the modern space conception” from iceberg theory, which are charactered by solidness, endurance, grotesqueness, simplicity, enclosure, expansion, and omission. After he was influenced by the painting technique, Hemingway could create his iceberg theory. The definition of the iceberg theory is as follow: one eight of the iceberg is above water and seven eighths of it is under water. Like this iceberg principle, a writer should omit and eliminate unnecessary parts and details of a story. After “Up in Michigan” in which the use of photographic realism is obvious, Hemingway used different techniques in his works. This change of technique in Hemingway’s could be formed from the travels and influences he accepted from the people and works he encountered. Hemingway tried to minimize the explanation and descriptions about the main theme as did, and to transmit the themes through clear and concrete nouns. But while this method can have simple structure and excellent visual effects, it can also cause overly simple and awkward sentences. To solve this problem, Hemingway used staccato sequence of motion and facts, and repetition technique to achieve rhythmic style which successfully reduce the stiffness of his sentences. As Hemingway tried to write his novels by using the iceberg theory, readers also need to consider the theory to understand what he says in his novels. When Hemingway tried to write his works without considering the effects of the iceberg theory, he failed to create a critically successfully work. when Hemingway wrote For Whom the Bell Tolls, Across the River Into the Trees and To Have and Have Not, these were not considered to be successful from a critical standpoint of Hemingway's own style. Those novels were critical of society and For Whom the Bell Tolls has political undercurrents. The themes of the works were not suitable for delineating his real aesthetic theme, the matter of perpetuity of human beings. Under the iceberg theory, social and political stories cannot be effectively described. After writing a series of works unfavorable to critics, he wrote The Old Man and the Sea which demonstrates the general effects of iceberg theory such as painting effects of style, objective words, image words, effects of blank, forward and backward movements of narrative pattern, and the sense of rhythm. In conclusion, the iceberg and can help readers understand the themes and characteristics of his style. The style of Hemingway is feat that demonstrates overcoming the limitation of expression of prose and transmits a powerful consciousness of the theme of a novels without particular depiction. Hemingway could enlarge the domain of novels by taking the influence of other arts into his style.

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키워드

저자

• 이길구 [ Lee Kil Ku | 전주대학교 ]

참고문헌

발행기관

간행물

표지보기 관심저널 등록

• 간행물명

  영어영문학연구 [The Jungang Journal of English Language and Literature]

• 간기

  계간

• pISSN

  1598-3293

• 수록기간

  1968~2025

• 등재여부

  KCI 등재

• 십진분류

  KDC 840 DDC 810