Earticle

초록

영어

Typhoid is a major public health problem in tropical and subtropical countries including India. Salmonella typhi, the causative agent of typhoid fever, is a gram-negative, motile, rod shaped, facultative anaerobe. It is solely a human pathogen and there is no animal reservoir. Antibiotic therapy is the mainstay for the treatment of typhoid fever and the complications associated with it. Nowadays, emerging multidrug resistance among Salmonella typhi strains has become a major public health problem. Present research work was carried out for the identification and molecular characterization of Trimethoprim resistant Salmonella enterica serovar typhi strains from individuals suffering with typhoid fever by means of various techniques i.e.; biochemicals, phenotypical and drug resistant gene specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 14 blood specimen of infected patients were collected from Solan district of Himachal Pradesh with varying age groups and were processed via broth enrichment methods for primary isolation and identification of typhoid bacilli. Microbiological and biochemical investigations revealed the presence of S. typhi in all 14 specimens. The antibiotic susceptibility assay was carried out for 11 antimicrobial to study the MDR pattern of the identified bacilli. It was observed that 14/14 S. typhi strains were 100% resistance to Trimethoprim, Co-trimoxazole, Sulfanilamide, Penicillin, Ampicillin, Oxacillin, Tetracycline and Erythromycin, and 70-100% susceptible to Levofloxacin, Amikacin and Amoxicillin. The PCR analysis of these MDR strains showed the presence of dhfr a7 (365 bp) gene in only 10/14 isolates. This study confirmed that Trimethoprim resistance in these strains were due to the presence of dhfr a7 gene and also that PCR based diagnosis could be very useful for the rapid detection of drug resistant S. typhi strains. Present study emphasize that Trimethoprim drug is no longer useful for the treatment of typhoid fever as its MIC optimization was very high (750μg/ml). This study may further help the researchers in selecting the appropriate therapeutic approaches targeting Trimethoprim resistant Salmonella typhi strains.

목차

Abstract
 1. Introduction
 2. Materials and Methods
  2.1. Microbial Strains
  2.2. Ethical Considerations
  2.3. Characterization and Identification of S. typhi Strains
  2.4. Antibiotic Susceptibility Assay
  2.5. Plasmid DNA Isolation and Visualization
  2.6. PCR Amplification and Visualization of dhfr a7 Gene
 3. Results and Analysis
 4. Discussion
 5. Conclusion
 Acknowledgments
 References

키워드

저자

• Neha [ Molecular and Immune-Parasitology research laboratory, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of biotechnology and management Sciences, Solan, 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India ]
• MA Khan [ 1Molecular and Immune-Parasitology research laboratory, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of biotechnology and management Sciences, Solan, 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India ]
• U Farooq [ 1Molecular and Immune-Parasitology research laboratory, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of biotechnology and management Sciences, Solan, 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India ] Corresponding author

참고문헌

발행기관

간행물

표지보기 관심저널 등록

• 간행물명

  International Journal of Bio-Science and Bio-Technology

• 간기

  격월간

• pISSN

  2233-7849

• 수록기간

  2009~2016

• 등재여부

  SCOPUS

• 십진분류

  KDC 505 DDC 605