Earticle

초록

영어

In this paper a pixel value differencing steganography based on the maximum difference of the neighboring pixel values have been proposed. There are four variants such as five, six, seven and eight neighbor differencing. In five neighbor differencing method the maximum difference amongst the five neighboring pixels such as upper, left, right, bottom and upper-right corner are used to take embedding decision. In six neighbor differencing method the maximum difference amongst the six neighboring pixels such as upper, left, right, bottom, upper-right corner, and upper-left corner are used to take embedding decision. In seven neighbor differencing method the maximum difference amongst the seven neighboring pixels such as upper, left, right, bottom, upper-right corner, upper-left corner and bottom-left corner are used to take embedding decision. In eight neighbor differencing method the maximum difference amongst all the eight neighboring pixels are used to take embedding decision. The message extraction process is very simple and does not require any knowledge of the original image. The experimental results show that the distortion is the minimum in five neighbor differencing. But the theoretical studies reveal that the hiding capacity is the highest in eight neighbor differencing.

목차

Abstract
 1. Introduction
 2. The Proposed Methods
  2.1. Five Neighbor Differencing
  2.2. Six Neighbor Differencing
  2.3. Seven Neighbor Differencing
  2.4. Eight Neighbor Differencing
 3. Results and Discussion
  3.1. Results
  3.2. Discussion
 4. Conclusion
 References

키워드

저자

• Gandharba Swain [ Department of Information Technology, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam-532127, Andhra Pradesh, India ]

참고문헌

발행기관

간행물

표지보기 관심저널 등록

• 간행물명

  International Journal of Security and Its Applications

• 간기

  격월간

• pISSN

  1738-9976

• 수록기간

  2008~2016

• 등재여부

  SCOPUS

• 십진분류

  KDC 505 DDC 605