Beta-catenin (CTNNB1, catenin (cadherin-associated protein), beta 1) is involved in various biological processes, including embryogenesis, tumorigenesis, angiogenesis and progression of metastasis. CTNNB1, as a multifunctional and oncogenic protein, has important roles in adhesion between Sertoli cells through an N-cadherin- dependent manner and in various cancer types through its over-activation. In addition, CTNNB1 can interact with estrogen/estrogen receptor alpha complex, which regulates the transcription of WNT (wingless-type MMTV integration site family)/CTNNB1 target genes. Recently, we investigated the functional roles and expression pattern of CTNNB1 during the morphological changes of embryonic gonads of chickens and the estrogen-dependent regulation of CTNNB1 in oviduct development and potential functions as a biomarker of CTNNB1 in human epithelial ovarian cancer using the chicken as a biological research model. Therefore, in this review, we provide a new insight of potential role of CTNNB1 in the development of the female reproductive tract during early embryogenesis and ovarian carcinogenesis of laying hen models.
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ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION EMBRYONIC GONAD DEVELOPMENT Mammalian Gonad Differentiation Chicken Sex Differentiation Avian Models ESTROGEN ACTION IN THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Molecular Mechanisms of Estrogen Regulation of CTNNB1 through Estrogen Effects of Estrogen in the Oviducts of Avian Models EPITHELIAL-DERIVED OVARIAN CANCER General Characteristics Classifications Avian Models for Epithelial-Derived Ovarian Cancer CONCLUSION REFERENCES