Earticle

초록

영어

There were three characteristics of the Kyungseong fire-fighting organization during the Japanese colonialist rule: first, disconnection from the Choseon Dynasty’s tradition of firefighting, second, transplant of the Japanese urban fire-fighting system during the Meiji(明治) period, and third, unique development of the capital fire-fighting independent of those of provincial cities. The Kyungseong fire-fighting organization during the Japanese colonialist rule started with the introduction of the system of Sobangjo (消防組; the volunteer fire-fighting groups), which the Japanese organized at the end of the 19th century and the palace fire service, which the Japanese police organized in 1907. As a result, two different firefighting system: ‘volunteer fire-fighting’ and ‘regular fire-fighting’ coexisted for a while. But As the Kyungseong fire-station (京城消防署) was established under the Gyeonggido Police department (京畿道 警察部) in 1925, the fire-fighting system of the colonial capital generally followed the road to a unified regular organization under the police command. The main tasks of the fire-fighting organization apart from fire extinguishment included regular drills, campaign to promote public awareness for fire prevention and fire fighting facilities inspection. The fire drills consisted of the new year’s kick-off drill and regularly scheduled training, once in spring and fall. The public performance of the fire drill were intended as an opportunity, through which the colonial power displayed its legitimacy. The fire prevention campaigns were often conducted during the holiday season around New Year’s Day. The fire fighting facilities inspection was more regularized in the 1930’s. The major fire-fighting equipments consisted of pumps, watertanks, ladders, hydrants and watchtowers. The development of the fire-fighting equipments during the Japanese colonialist rule was summarized generally as from ‘hand-operated’ to ‘motor-operated’. In 1937, the new Kyungseong fire-station building was completed as the first building with an exclusive use for fire-fighting in Colonial Choseon. The Kyungseong fire-fighting system during the colonialist rule followed the example of the Japanese urban fire-fighting system with a gap of about 20 years, and displayed an exceptional development, apart from other provinces outside the capital. But the case of Kyungseong were propagated to other cities and marked the beginning of the contemporary fire-fighting system in Korea.

목차

Ⅰ. 머리말
 Ⅱ. 경성 지역 소방 기구의 변화 과정
  1. 의용 소방과 상비 소방의 병행
  2. 京城消防署 설치와 소방 상비화
 Ⅲ. 소방 활동과 장비의 추이
  1. 일상적 소방 활동 - 훈련, 선전, 점검
  2. 소방 장비와 시설
 Ⅳ. 맺음말
 참고문헌
 ABSTRACT

키워드

의용 소방 상비 소방 소방 훈련 소방 선전 소방 점검 소방의 동력화 volunteer fire-fighting regular fire-fighting Sobangjo (消防組 the volunteer fire-fighting group) Kyungseong fire-station (京城消防署) fire drill fire prevention campaign fire-fighting facilities inspection motorization of fire-fighting equipment 消防組 京城消防署

저자

• 염복규 [ Yum, Bok-Kyu | 국사편찬위원회 편사연구사 ]

참고문헌

발행기관

간행물