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After colonizing Korea in 1910, Japan changed the name of Korean capital from Hanseong-bu to Kyeongseong-bu through the amendment of regional legislation. The name Kyeongseong was in fact used even after Korea opened its port while it was employed in the titles of official institutions by the Japanese government after the establishment of Residency-General. During Choseon dynasty, Kyeongseong indicated a capital along with Do, Kyeongdo, Doseong and Kyungsa, and continued in use in the modern era. It was a translation for the word "capital" until it was replaced by "Sudo" in the late 1890s, and was often used after the city name for foreign capitals. It also comprehended the entire Seoul region. Not only the media but also official documents such as treaty, diplomatic documents and regulations did implement Kyeongseong more commonly than Hanseong. This tendency was more prevalent after 1905 as the Japanese influence became dominant, and hence Kyeongseong was incorporated into the title of official institutions and in the official documents instead of hanseong. The official administrative name was Kyeongseong-bu and hence was most commonly used during the Japanese occupation. The organizations that consisted only of Japanese or was ruled by Japanese employed the word Kyeongseong as well as the companies that was owned or managed by Japanese. However, Koreans during the occupation used different words such as Hanseong, Seoul, Jungang and Jaegyeong instead of Kyeongseong. Hanseung, Seoul and Jungang were scarcely used by Japanese corporations while often seen in the Korean ones. In the Korean media, Jaekyeong usually meant Seoul whereas the Japanese press in Korea used it for Tokyo. However, the usage of Kyeongseong significantly increased after the 1930's as Koreans became more adapted to the colonial system and therefore the indicator of Seoul region was also changed. The word "Kyeongseong" was chosen by the colonial Japan and brought pride and the sense of superiority to the Japanese, and the feeling of loss and sorrow to the Koreans. As Kyeongseong replaced the conventional title of capital, the sense of Korean nation as a representative symbol in the international community was lost. As Kyeongseong was demoted to the colonial center from the national capital, its significance as a capital was diminished. Therefore, the title Kyeongseong could not be used after the Korean independence although it was originally used long before the colonial period. For this reason, the new name of Korean capital was designated not Kyeongseong from the colonial occupation nor Hanseong from Choseon dynasty, but Seoul.

목차

Ⅰ. 머리말
 Ⅱ. 개항기 ‘京城’의 用例
  1. 首都를 의미하는 用例
  2. 서울지역(漢城府)을 지칭하는 用例
 Ⅲ. 식민지기 서울지역 명칭의 용례와 ‘경성’에 대한 인식 변화
  1. 서울지역 명칭의 용례
  2. ‘京城’에 대한 인식 변화
 Ⅳ. 맺음말
 참고문헌
 ABSTRACT

키워드

경성 한성 서울 중앙 민족성 수도성 Kyeonseong Hanseong Seoul Jungang significance of capital

저자

• 김제정 [ Jejeong Kim | 서울시립대학교 서울학연구소 연구교수 ]

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