Earticle

초록

영어

In this study, an investigation was made regarding meaning and usage of negative command expression in the languages of Japan and Korea such as 'NA' and 'MA'. These expressions can be divided into 'prevention of recurrence', 'deterrence of continuation', 'maintenance of action', and 'prevention in advance' based on the timing when such an action takes place. In the case of 'prevention of recurrence', the action that constitutes the target of a command took place in the past, and the command is used to prevent such an action in the future which took place once in the past or which continues from the past to the present when used together with such adverbs as 'mou or nidoto'. In the case of 'deterrence of continuation', the timing when the action that constitutes the target of the command is the present, and the command is used to stop action that is being implemented presently. In the case of 'maintenance of action', the timing when the action that constitutes the target of the command is the present. Although a negative command is used ordinarily to stop an action, this 'maintenance of action' is used to request maintenance of a certain state to the listener in which he or she is engaged presently at the time when the speaker utters the command. Hence it is possible to use this command together with 'sonomama' which means 'the state as it is without any change'. In the case of 'prevention in advance', the timing when the action that constitutes the target of the command is the future, and the command is used to ask not to carry out an action in advance which has not been implemented yet.

일본어

本稿では、日·韓両言語の否定命令表現｢な｣と｢마｣の意味用法を調べた。行為の成立時間によって、｢再発防止｣は、命令の対象になる行為が成立した時点は過去で、過去に一回やったことのある動作、過去から現在まで続けている動作に対して、｢もう、二度と｣などの副詞と共起し、これからはしないようとするものである。｢続行阻止｣は、命令の対象になる行為が成立する時点は現在で、すでに実行している行為をやめるように命じるものである。｢行為維持｣は、命令の対象になる行為が成立する時点は現在である。普通の否定命令がある行為をしないようにするものであるが、この｢行為維持｣用法は、話し手が、発話時にある状態に置かれている聞き手に対し、その状態を維持するよう求めているものである。それで、｢その状態のとおりで変化のない｣という意味の｢そのまま｣などと共起が可能である。｢未然防止｣は、命令の対象になる行為が成立する時点は未来で、まだ実現されていない行為をあらかじめに実行しないように求めるものである。

목차

1. はじめに
 2. 先行硏究
 3. 否定命令表現「な」と「마」の對照
  3.1 再發防止
  3.2 續行阻止
  3.3 行爲維持
  3.4 未然防止
 4. まとめ
 【參考文獻】
 <要旨>

키워드

부정명령표현 재발방지 속행조지 행위유지 미연방지 negation order expression prevention of recurrence continuation check act maintenance prior prevention 否定命令表現 再発防止 続行阻止 行為維持 未然防止

저자

• 金秀榮 [ 김수영 | 경상대학교 대학원 박사과정 ]
• 安秉坤 [ 안병곤 | 경상대학교 교수 ]

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