The last several decades have seen a continual growth of research on written corrective feedback (WCF) addressing the debate over whether and to what extent the learners’ improvement triggered by WCF can indicate second language acquisition (SLA). Also at issues are such pedagogical concerns as what types of WCF should be provided and what language errors WCF can effectively treat. To contribute to the current understanding of WCF, the present small-scale exploratory study investigates (a) whether direct and indirect WCF differently affect learners’ use of simple past tense in a picture-strip narrative writing; and (b) whether learners’ gains (or losses) can be transferred to an autobiographical writing exercise where WCF was not provided. Twelve low-intermediate EFL learners were randomly divided into a direct WCF group, an indirect WCF group, and a control group, to complete three test occasions, each of which consisted of an in-class and an out-of -class writing assignment. The results indicated that while direct WCF can effectively improve learners’ use of simple past tense in the same task, the gains are more likely to be transferred to a different writing text in the long run when learners receive indirect WCF.
목차
ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION The Intra- and Inter-task Effectiveness of Direct and Indirect Written Corrective Feedback BACKGROUND LITERATURE The Effectiveness of WCF: Pseudolearning or Acquisition Differential Effectiveness of WCF Types: Direct WCF and Indirect WCF Target Language Structures Research Questions METHOD Design Participants Setting Data Coding and Analysis RESULTS DISCUSSION CONCLUSION THE AUTHOR ACKNOWLEDGEMENT REFERENCES APPENDIX
키워드
written corrective feedbackdirect WCFindirect WCFsimple past tense
The goals of Asia TEFL are to promote scholarship, disseminate information, and facilitate cross-cultural understanding among persons concerned with the teaching and learning of English in Asia. In order to accomplish this, Asia TEFL will pursue the following goals:
1. To link ELT professionals in joint research on issues and concerns regarding English teaching and learning in the Asian context.
2. To publish an academic journal, The Asia TEFL Journal, as an internationally recognized journal in the field of English language teaching.
3. To host conferences and seminars addressing important issues concerning ELT in Asia.
4. To develop proficiency guidelines and assessment methods designed for the needs of the Asian context.
5. To develop programs for Asian learners and teachers of English to build their English language proficiency and cultural understanding and provide them with the skills required to be efficient English teaching professionals.