The recast is the most frequently used feedback in classroom settings. Previous research has shown the potential advantages of the recast, although some problems have also been suggested. A measurement that regarded students’ corrective responses after receiving recasts as uptake indicated the low effectiveness of recasts as corrective feedback (Lyster, 1998b; Lyster & Ranta, 1997). This study attempts to examine the effects of recasts by using a measurement established after careful analysis of recasts and students’ responses. Thirty-two intermediate Japanese high school students and a native speaker of English participated in the study, with the native speaker interviewing the students. In measuring the effectiveness of recasts “no opportunity” and “preferred recasts” were not included in the denominator, meaning that they were not coded as corrective recasts; “later incorporation” and “acknowledgement” were included in the numerator, meaning that they were coded as successful. The effects of recasts were also examined according to the error type, the degree of difference between students’ initial utterances and the recasts, and the number of morphemes of recasts. The results showed the relatively high effectiveness of recasts on Japanese high school students’ English learning. Discussion of the findings and pedagogical implications in providing recasts is also given.
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ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL BACKGROUND THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY METHOD Context of the Study and Participants Procedure Data Analysis Issues in Analyzing the Effects of Recasts RESULTS Error Types and Success Rate Degree of Difference Length of Recast DISCUSSION CONCLUSION THE AUTHOR REFERENCES
The goals of Asia TEFL are to promote scholarship, disseminate information, and facilitate cross-cultural understanding among persons concerned with the teaching and learning of English in Asia. In order to accomplish this, Asia TEFL will pursue the following goals:
1. To link ELT professionals in joint research on issues and concerns regarding English teaching and learning in the Asian context.
2. To publish an academic journal, The Asia TEFL Journal, as an internationally recognized journal in the field of English language teaching.
3. To host conferences and seminars addressing important issues concerning ELT in Asia.
4. To develop proficiency guidelines and assessment methods designed for the needs of the Asian context.
5. To develop programs for Asian learners and teachers of English to build their English language proficiency and cultural understanding and provide them with the skills required to be efficient English teaching professionals.