Earticle

초록

영어

Although, microbial arsenic mobilization by dissimilatory arsenate-reducing bacteria (DARB) and the practical use to the removal technology of arsenic from contaminated soil are expected, most previous research mainly has been focused on the geochemical circulation of arsenic. Therefore, in this review we summarized the previously reported DARB to grasp the characteristic for bioremediation of arsenic. Evidence of microbial growth on arsenate is presented based on isolate analyses, after which a summary of the physiology of the following arsenaterespiring bacteria is provided: Chrysiogenes arsenatis strain BAL-1T, Sulfurospirillum barnesii, Desulfotomaculum strain Ben-RB, Desulfotomaculum auripigmentum strains OREX-4, GFAJ-1, Bacillus sp., Desulfitobacterium hafniense DCB-2T, strain SES-3, Citrobacter sp. (TSA-1 and NC-1), Sulfurospirillum arsenophilum sp. nov., Shewanella sp., Chrysiogenes arsenatis BAL-lT, Deferribacter desulfuricans. Among the DARB, Citrobacter sp. NC-1 is superior to other dissimilatory arsenate-reducing bacteria with respect to arsenate reduction, particularly at high concentrations as high as 60 mM. A gram-negative anaerobic bacterium, Citrobacter sp. NC-1, which was isolated from arsenic contaminated soil, can grow on glucose as an electron donor and arsenate as an electron acceptor. Strain NC-1 rapidly reduced arsenate at 5 mM to arsenite with concomitant cell growth, indicating that arsenate can act as the terminal electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration (dissimilatory arsenate reduction). To characterize the reductase systems in strain NC-1, arsenate and nitrate reduction activities were investigated with washed-cell suspensions and crude cell extracts from cells grown on arsenate or nitrate. These reductase activities were induced individually by the two electron acceptors. Tungstate, which is a typical inhibitory antagonist of molybdenum containing dissimilatory reductases, strongly inhibited the reduction of arsenate and nitrate in anaerobic growth cultures. These results suggest that strain NC-1 catalyzes the reduction of arsenate and nitrate by distinct terminal reductases containing a molybdenum cofactor. This may be advantageous during bioremediation processes where both contaminants are present. Moreover, a brief explanation of arsenic extraction from a model soil artificially contaminated with As (V) using a novel DARB (Citrobacter sp. NC-1) is given in this article. We conclude with a discussion of the importance of microbial arsenate reduction in the environment. The successful application and use of DARB should facilitate the effective bioremediation of arsenic contaminated sites.

목차

Abstract
 1. Introduction
 2. DARB
  2.1. Deferribacter desulfuricans SSM1 [21]
  2.2. Chrysiogenes arsenatis BAL-1T [3,14]
  2.3. Strains E1H and MLS10 [22,23]
  2.4. Strain JMM-4 [24]
  2.5. Bacillus sp. SF-1 [25,26]
  2.6. Desulfitobacterium sp. GBFH [27]
  2.7. Desulfitobacterium hafniense DCB-2T [27, 29]
  2.8. Desulfotomaculum auripigmentum OREX-4 [13,30]
  2.9. Citrobacter sp. TSA-1 [18]
  2.10. Shewanella sp. ANA-3 [32]
  2.11. Strain GFAJ-1 [33]
  2.12. Strain MLMS-1 [34]
  2.13. Desulfotomaculum sp. Ben-RB [35]
  2.14. Sulfurospirillum barnesii SES-3T [8,10,36-38]
 3. Characterization of Citrobacter sp. NC-1 in dissimilatory arsenate-reduction
  3.1. Arsenate reduction by strain NC-1
  3.2. Effect of other electron acceptors on arsenate reduction
  3.3. Effects of electron donors on arsenate reduction
  3.4. Arsenate and nitrate reduction by washed cell suspensions
  3.5. Reductase activities in crude cell extracts
  3.6. Inhibition of arsenate and nitrate reduction by tungstate
  3.7. Extraction of As from contaminated forest soil
 4. Perspectives
 References

키워드

저자

• 장용철 [ Young-Cheol Chang | Biosystem Course, Division of Applied Sciences, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran 050-8585, Japan. ]
• 다까미자와 카즈히로 [ Kazuhiro Takamizawa | Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan. ]
• 조훈 [ Hoon Cho | Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Korea. ]
• 키쿠치 신타로 [ Shintaro Kikuchi | Biosystem Course, Division of Applied Sciences, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran 050-8585, Japan. ]

참고문헌

발행기관

간행물

표지보기 관심저널 등록

• 간행물명

  KSBB Journal

• 간기

  격월간

• pISSN

  1225-7117

• 수록기간

  2009~2013

• 십진분류

  KDC 476 DDC 576