Earticle

초록

영어

To build an energy and material secure future, we must pioneer the next generation of renewable fuels and chemicals using environmentally benign production process. Biomass represents an abundant carbon‐neutral renewable resource for the production of biofuels. Numerous environmental and social benefits could result from the replacement of petroleum‐based transport fuels with bio‐ethanol converted from lignocellulosic materials such as agricultural residues and industrial waste. One of our key technologies is cell surface engineering, which is a powerful tool to engineer and functionalize many organisms. Using the technology, various kinds of functional proteins such as enzymes can be expressed on the cell surface without loss of their activities. The display of cellulolytic enzymes on the surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has accomplished direct ethanol production from cellulosic biomass. Also, the display of hemicellulase on the surface of S. cerevisiae that has xylose‐assimilating metabolic pathway has enabled production of ethanol from hemicellulosic biomass. The yeast is reusable for the hydrolysis and fermentation by collecting the cells. Thus, the cell surface technology has advantages on the process integration of enzyme hydrolysis and fermentation. For the efficient production of ethanol from cellulosic materials with S. cerevisiae, the improvement of both its fermentation ability and tolerance to inhibitors resulted from the thermochemical pretreatment has been required. The demands on the yeast that perform this reaction are more complicated than those for conventional ethanol production from hexoses or their disaccharides, because lignocellulosic hydrolysates contain high concentrations of inhibitors that negatively affect metabolism and ethanol yields compared with current corn starch‐ or sugarcane‐derived feed stocks. To circumvent the difficulties, we are trying to breed robust S. cerevisiae strains that efficiently ferment mixtures of hexose and pentose sugars in various chemical contexts for industrial ethanol production from lignocellulosic feed stocks through synthetic biology approaches. A combination of a cell surface displayed enzyme system and an intracellular metabolic engineering system is a very effective approach to develop cells with novel fermentation ability for industrial applications. The technology will open up the various new applications of cell factories to the industrially important processes.

저자

• Akihiko Kondo [ Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan. ]

참고문헌

발행기관

간행물

표지보기 관심저널 등록

• 간행물명

  한국생물공학회 학술대회

• 간기

  반년간

• 수록기간

  1985~2013

• 십진분류

  KDC 476 DDC 576