Abstract
I. Introduction
II. Literature Review and Hypothesis Development
2.1 Stock Misvaluation and Managerial Behavior
2.2 The Role of Patents
2.3 Hypothesis Development
III. Sample, Variables, and Descriptive Statistics
3.1 Sample
3.2 Variables
3.3 Descriptive Statistics
IV. Empirical Results
4.1. Regression Results
4.2 Mechanism Analysis
4.3 Industry Heterogeneity
V. Conclusion
5.1 Theoretical Implications
5.2 Practical Implications
5.3 Limitations and Future Research
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Appendix