Earticle

초록

영어

Given that communicative competence plays a critical role in multinational military operations, effective instructional approaches that promote practical language use have become increasingly important in military English education. This study investigates how speaking activities implemented in an EFL military English instruction by analyzing various functions of comprehensible output and how such output processes emerge during classroom interaction. The study draws on Littlewood’s communicative continuum as a pedagogical framework and examines classroom interaction from the perspective of Swain’s Comprehensible Output Hypothesis. For this study fourteen military English learners participated in three-month intensive English course engaging in speaking activities and completed perception questionnaires. A mixed-method approach was employed using triangulated data from classroom observation logs, instructor reflective journals, and learner perception questionnaires. The findings indicate that structured speaking activities tended to promote grammatical accuracy, while authentic communicative activities encouraged fluency and meaning negotiation. Through repeated task engagement, learners noticed linguistic gaps, tested alternative forms, and gradually refined their spoken output. Pedagogically, these findings highlight the value of communicative speaking activities in fostering speaking development through multiple comprehensible output functions.

목차

Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Theoretical Background
2.1 Littlewood’s Communicative Continuum
2.2 Comprehensible Output Hypothesis
3. Methods
3.1 Participants
3.2 Course Description
3.3 Data Collection & Analysis
4. Results & Discussion
4.1 Implementation of Speaking Activities within Littlewood’s Communicative Continuum
4.2 Comprehensible Output Functions Across the Communicative Continuum
4.3 Learners’ Perception of Comprehensible Output based Speaking Activities
4.4 Triangulated Evidence of Comprehensible Output Processes across Communicative Task Types
5. Conclusion and Pedagogical Implications
References
Appendix

저자

• Youngshin Lim [ Joint Forces Military University, Professor ]

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