요약
Ⅰ. Introduction
Ⅱ. Literature Review
2.1 Large Language Models: Scope and Definition
2.2 Complementarity versus Substitution in Digital Tool Ecosystems
2.3 Technology Adoption and User Heterogeneity
2.4 Research Gap and Contribution
Ⅲ. Data and Sample Construction
3.1 Data Source and Variables
3.2 Treatment and Control Definition
3.3 Descriptive Statistics, and Balance
3.4 Validity of Sample Construction and Representativeness
Ⅳ. Empirical Analyses and Results
4.1 Empirical Approach
4.2 Baseline Effect of ChatGPT Adoption on Online-Translation Usage
4.3 Week-level Dynamics: Event-Study Evidence
4.4 Heterogeneous Effect Across Demographic Segments
V. Summary and Discussion
References
Abstract