Abstract
Early Twentieth-Century Translations of Sim Ch’ŏng chŏn by Western Missionaries
Source Texts and Retranslation
Analysis
Explicit Postulations of God in Place of Heaven and Shamanistic Absolute Power
De-deifying Human Beings through the Omission of Heaven
Christianized Taoist Spiritual Beings
Christianized Reincarnation and Redemption
Conclusion
References