Earticle

초록

영어

Underwater photographing and image recording are essential for pre-excavation survey and during excavation in underwater archaeology. Unlike photographing on land, all underwater images suffer various quality degradations such as shape distortions, color shift, blur, low contrast, high noise levels and so on. Outcome is very often heavily photographing equipment and photographer dependent. Excavation schedule, weather conditions, and water conditions can put burdens on divers. Usable images are very limited compared to the efforts. In underwater archaeological study in very turbid water such as in the Yellow Sea (between mainland China and the Korean peninsula), underwater photographing is very challenging. In this study, off-site image distortion and color compensation techniques using an image processing/analysis software is investigated as an alternative image quality enhancement method. As sample images, photographs taken during the excavation of 800-year-old Taean Mado Shipwrecks in the Yellow Sea in 2008-2010 were mainly used. Significant enhancement in distortion and color compensation of archived images were obtained by simple post image processing using image processing/analysis software (PicMan) customized for given view ports, lenses and cameras with and without optical axis offsets. Post image processing is found to be very effective in distortion and color compensation of both recent and archived images from various photographing equipment models and configurations. Merits and demerit of in-situ, distortion and color compensated photographing with sophisticated equipment and conventional photographing equipment, which requires post image processing, are compared.

목차

ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUCTION
2. EXCAVATION SITE OF TAEAN MADO SHIPWRECKS AND SELECTED PHOTOGRAPHS
2.1. Taean Mado Shipwreck Site
2.2. The Yellow Sea
2.3. Selected Underwater Photographs
2.4. Image Processing/Analysis Software (PicMan)
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.1. Possible Configurations of Underwater Photography Equipment
3.2. Possible Image Distortions in Underwater Photography
3.3. Color Shift Compensation
3.4. Effect of Distortion and Color Compensation Sequence
3.5. Discussion
4. CONCLUSIONS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

저자

• Young-Hwa Jung [ Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Science, Kongju National University, National Research Institute of Maritime Cultural Heritage, Mokpo 58699, Korea ]
• Gyuho Kim [ Department of Cultural Heritage Conservation Science, Kongju National University, Gongju 32588, Korea ] Corresponding Author
• Woo Sik Yoo [ WaferMasters, Inc., Dublin, CA 94568, U.S.A., Institute of Humanities Studies, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea ] Corresponding Author

참고문헌