Earticle

초록

영어

This paper focuses on the dating and provenance of two paintings, Climbing the hill and View from St. John’s Fort by the prominent Singaporean artist Liu Kang (1911–2004). Climbing the hill, from the National Gallery Singapore collection, was believed to have been created in 1937, based on the date painted by the artist. However, a non-invasive examination unveiled evidence of an underlying paint scheme and a mysterious date, 1948 or 1949. These findings prompted a comprehensive technical study of the artwork in conjunction with comparative analyses of View from St. John’s Fort (1948), from the Liu family collection. The latter artwork is considered to be depicting the same subject matter. The investigation was carried out with UVF, NIR, IRFC, XRR, digital microscopy, PLM and SEM-EDS to elucidate the materials and technique of both artworks and find characteristic patterns that could indicate a relationship between both paintings and assist in correctly dating Climbing the hill. The technical analyses were supplemented with the historical information derived from the Liu family archives. The results showed that Climbing the hill was created in 1948 or 1949 on top of an earlier composition painted in Shanghai between 1933 and 1937. As for the companion View from St. John’s Fort from 1948, the artist reused an earlier painting created in France in 1931. The analytical methods suggested that Liu Kang used almost identical pigment mixtures for creating new artworks. However, their painting technique demonstrates some differences. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of Liu Kang’s painting materials and his working practice.

목차

ABSTRACT
1. BACKGROUND
2. METHODS
2.1. Technical photography
2.2. XRR
2.3. OM and PLM
2.4. High-resolution digital microscopy
2.5. FE-SEM-EDS
2.6. Staining test
2.7. Preparation of samples
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.1. Non-invasive examination of Climbing the hill
3.2. Auxiliary supports and characteristics of the fabrics and grounds
3.3. Art materials availability in Singapore in late 1940s
3.4. Pigments
3.5. Execution of the paintings
4. CONCLUSION
REFERENCES

저자

• Damian Lizun [ Heritage Conservation Centre, National Heritage Board, 32 Jurong Port Rd, 619104, Singapore, Republic of Singapore ] Corresponding Author

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