1. Introduction
1.1. Fusions in Clefts & Relevant Data
1.2. The Purpose of the Paper
2. Previous Studies
2.1. Syntactic Treatments
2.2. Semantic Treatments
2.3. Pragmatic Treatments for Discourse Functions
2.4. Interactional Models
2.5. Gradience Models
3. Theoretical Frameworks for This Study
3.1. Grammatical Gradience
3.2. Iconicity Hypothesis
3.3. Prototypicality Hypothesis
3.4. Principle of Compositionality (Frege 1952; Katz & Fodor 1963)
3.5. Cumulative Application of The Above Four Hypothesis for the distinction between Clefts and Non-clefts (Cf. Interactiopnal Models; D. S. Kim 1986, 2008)
4. The Gradience Approach to It-Clefts and Wh-Clefts
4.1. The Referential Gradience of Pronoun It and It of It-clefts
4.2. Fusions in Cleft Constructions
4.3. The Specificity Gradience between Two Clefts
5. Conclusions
References