Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Related studies
2.1. Effect of L2 speaking confidence on L2 performance
2.2. English as an International Language (EIL)
2.3. EIL and L2 speaking confidence
2.4. Design of this study
3. Methodology
3.1. Participants
3.2. Materials
3.3. Procedure
3.4. Data analysis
4. Results
4.1. L2 speaking confidence ratings: Survey results
4.2. L2 speaking confidence: reflective writing
5. Discussion
5.1. Effect of expanding circle communication on L2 speaking confidence
5.2. Effect of EIL knowledge
6. Conclusions