Earticle

초록

중국어

以物抵债这一概念并不为人所熟知, 中国法律中对此概念也并没有具体的规定。 但是随着经济 的发展和抵偿方式的丰富, 这种清偿方式日益普遍, 以物抵债其本意为债务人无力以现金方式偿还 债务故而以其他物质给付作为替代以偿还债务。 这种清偿方式十分高效便捷, 给当事人的合法权益 提供了一个强有力的保障, 也是法官无法拒绝其存在的理由之一。 但是其存在也给法官在纠纷发生 时的解决造成了困扰, 首先是概念并不明确, 所以在判定其是否为以物抵债方面会产生困惑, 也很 容易与其他概念造成混淆。 其次, 在实践中以物抵债的形态多种多样, 有代物清偿、 流质合同、 债的 更改、 新债清偿及让与担保等。 明确以物抵债的性质及其构成要件是对以物抵债进行讨论的前提。 通过对以物抵债的定义、 分类、 定性及构成要件进行分析讨论, 可以对以物抵债的认定条件从总体上有一个把握, 能更好的 对以物抵债进行细节上的剖析。 在研究前人对于此问题的解释和过往判例中得出理论并寻求规律, 明确以物抵债合同的概念、 构成与法律效力, 同时将其与其他法律制度进行比较与分析, 论证其存 在的不可替代性, 提出完善相关法律及制度的建议。

영어

Most people have no idea of paying in debt and there is no specific definition in China laws. By the increasing development of economy, various method of payments have been emerging. Paying in the dept has prevailed. It is obvious that debtor can not pay the debt in cash thereby seeking substitutes to pay the debt. Paying in dept protects parties’ benefits effectively, which is one of main reasons why judges can not deny it. However, it creates many challenges when judges confront cases. First of all, there is no written and clear regulation. Therefore, people find it difficult to decide whether payment in debt or not. Besides, there are many methods of paying in dept in practices, such as discharge by substitutes, Fluidity contract, modification of debt, New debt repayment、 alienation guarantee etc. We need to clarify features of paying in dept and components of paying in dept before discussing the pay in dept. By researching the definition, catalogs and features we can have better understand on paying in dept. Seeking valuable theories and regulations from previous researches, in order to make clear definition of contract of paying in dept and its effects. It is worth noting that in comparison with other laws, we can demonstrate the irreplaceable of paying in dept, which helps people to set up explicit laws and regulations.

목차

摘要
 Ⅰ. 问题的提出
 Ⅱ. 以物抵债概述
 Ⅲ. 以物抵债与相近类型的比较分析
 Ⅳ. 以物抵债的法律规制及完善建议
 Ⅴ. 结语
 参考文献
 

저자

• 李鲜花 [ 이선화 | 延边大学法学院 讲师、 法学博士。 ]
• 杨可心 [ 양가심 | 延边大学法学院 硕士研究生。 ]

참고문헌