Earticle

초록

한국어

최근 금융환경의 변화에 따라 지역밀착형 서민금융기관으로서 그 역할을 잘 수행하고 있었던 새마을금고 등 서민금융기관은 위기와 기회를 동시에 고려하고 있다. 서민금융기관의 위기로는 금융혁신의 급진전에 따라 은행 등 제1금융권에 비해 상대적으로 취급금융상품제한 등 규제를 많이 받고 있어, 은행 등 전국규모의 금융 기관과의 경쟁에서 뒤쳐질 수도 있다는 것이다. 반면 기회로는 금융감독원의 2006년 신BIS협약 신용리스크 소매 지침 안(Basel Ⅱ) 도입으로 신용이 상대적으로 취약한 서민 및 자영중소업자 등의 금융소외에 대해 적극적으로 금융지원을 하는 새로운 역할이 증가할 수 있다는 점이다. 새마을금고의 자구노력은 지역사회 개발활동수행과 지역․서민금융기관으로서의 역할로도 여실히 알 수 있다. 이는 IMF 상황에서도 유일하게 공적 자금 지원 없이 성장한 새마을 금고의 노력의 결실이 이를 뒷받침하고 있다. 지역밀착형 서민금융기관으로서 새마을금고를 포함한 서민금융기관은 이제 더 이상 전국규모의 은행과의 경쟁보다는 그들의 차별화에 초점을 맞추어야 한다. 은행은 상대적으로 신용도가 높은 고객에 특화하고, 새마을금고는 상대적으로 신용도가 낮은 고객에 특화하여 상호 보완적인 협력관계를 만들어 나가야 할 것이다. 금융시장 환경 변화에 따라 고객은 새로운 것에 빠르게 싫증을 느끼고 좀 더 높은 질의 서비스를 요구하는 고객들이 늘어나고 있는 실정이다. 이에 따라 새마을금고는 다양해진 고객별 욕구를 충족시키기 위해서 지역금융기관의 독창적이며 서민금융으로서의 체계적인 관리가 필요하고, 고객선택의 폭을 다양화하는 고객 맞춤 금융 솔루션을 제공하는 방향으로 그 전략의 방향을 제고할 필요성이 강조되고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 새마을금고의 경쟁력 제고를 위하여 다음의 정책방안을 고려하도록 한다. 첫째, 서민금융기관으로의 역할을 다할 수 있도록 건전성 강화를 위하여 현 선거제도의 정책을 제고한다. 둘째, 새마을 금고모형의 해외진출을 위하여 ODA(Official Development Assistance 공적개발원조) 확대정책의 실시를 제고한다. 셋째, 새마을금고는 저 신용계층이 쉽게 금융서비스를 제공받을 수 있는 방안, 즉 지역밀착형 서민금융지원을 정책적으로 제고한다. 넷째, 복지와 교육 사업을 통한 지역공동체 조직화를 통해 지역사회에 없어서는 안 될 필수불가결한 지역금융기관이라는 인식을 일반대중들에게 어필하여 서민금융지원정책을 제고 한다. 새마을 금고는 대형금융기관 및 글로벌 금융그룹들과 경쟁에서 충분한 생존과 성장을 도모 할 수 있을 것이며, 서민금융으로서의 경쟁력을 강화 할 것이라고 사료된다.

영어

Crises and opportunities are approaching to community-based regional institutions such as Saemaeul Finance Firm (Community Credit Cooperatives) etc. that has executed its roles well according to recent financial environments. Regarding to crises of regional populace institutions, they are getting regulations like comparative restrictions on treating financial goods compared to rapid advances of financial innovations, and thus could be lag behind in competition with national scale institutions including bank etc. On the other hand, new roles have been increased gradually such like positively providing financial supports to financial alienations toward the working classes and self-employed small contractors who were vulnerable to credits according to introductions of credit-based risks guidelines in 2006 New BIS Agreement (Basel Ⅱ) from the Financial Supervisory Service. Saemaeul Finance Firm have to endeavor for doing roles of community regional populace institutions by focusing on realizing existence values of the cooperative while carrying out community developing activities actively, and stress on the cooperative characteristics because the funds have grown without uniquely getting public funds and shown consistent fruitions, and further were distributed to places where populace could approach easily compared to other financial institutions. Regional populace institutions including Saemaeul Finance Firm shall specified clients who are low in creditworthiness comparatively rather than competitions with national scale banks, and banks have to specialize on high-credit clients, and thus mutual supplementary cooperation would be made afterwards. Currently clients become tired on new ones rapidly according to financial environment changes and are requesting high quality services more. Thus, systematic and creative managements as a regional institution are required to Saemaeul Finance Firm so as to satisfy various needs of clients and become differentiated one with other financial institutions, and the necessity of having to focus on providing customized financial solutions through which the width of client selections became diversified. Also, Saemaeul Finance Firm has to do roles fit to its establish purposes as a cooperative by preparing for methods by which low-credit classes could get financial services easily together with expanding social welfare services to regional populace. Therefore, this study proposed and analyzed 4 policies with recognitions like Saemaeul Finance Firm is an essential regional finance institution through concentrations on roles as an regional populace institution together with organizing community by doing welfare and educational projects. Firstly, Saemaeul Finance Firm is introducing delegate election system for selecting regional chief directors and chairman of HQ’s as electoral and institutional problems in relation with strengthening methods on asset soundness. Though regional Saemaeul Finance Firm are selecting chief directors through direct elections, but Central Saemaeul Finance Firm is impeding its diffusion to total Saemaeul Finance Firm and its developments actually by being made cloudy in credibility and images because losers and followers of candidates are doing complaint and accusation together with sending anonymous letters to medium after finishing elections. Thus, the study did a comparative analysis on membership and delegate systems on regional Saemaeul Finance Firm, suggesting methods of roles as regional populace institution to developing countries through ODA policy in order to do overseas advances secondly, supporting methods for community-based finance so that low-credit classes could get financial services easily thirdly, and researching on foreign and domestic populace finances in the US and Japan etc. in addition to domestic Saemaeul Finance Firm fourthly, and making the funds could do roles fit to establishing purposes as Saemaeul Finance Firm by preparing for provisions of social welfare services on regional populace and expanding ways fifthly. Regarding to the future of Saemaeul Finance Firm, it is judged that supports to various policy initiatives could be executed consistently same as aforesaid especially because the funds has been doing sound growth till now through tax assistances of governmental indirect policy etc. without getting public funds that was unique in our country’s financial institutions after IMF. Saemaeul Finance Firm have to do roles fit to its establishing purposes as a cooperative by preparing for methods through which low-credit classes could get financial services easily and social welfare services are provided to regional populace tiers. In addition, it is considered that Saemaeul Finance Firm is able to device sufficient survivals and growth in competitions with large financial institutions and global financial groups, and would strength competitiveness as a regional populace finance.

목차

국문 요약
 I. 서론
  1.1 연구배경 및 목적
  1.2 연구방법 및 연구의 구성
 II. 새마을금고 고찰
  2.1 새마을금고의 개요
  2.2 새마을 금고의 역할과 기능
  2.3 새마을금고의 사업현황
 III. 새마을금고의 금융환경 및 비교분석
  3.1 새마을금고의 금융환경
  3.2 새마을금고와 서민금융기관의 유형
  3.3 새마을금고와 서민금융기관의 기능적 측면비교
  3.4 새마을금고와 금융기관별 비교
 VI. 정책분석
  4.1 건정성강화를 위한 선거제도 정책
  4.2 해외진출을 위한 ODA 확대정책
  4.3 지역밀착형 서민금융지원정책
  4.4 복지와 교육사업을 위한 세제정책
 V. 결론
  5.1 연구의 요약
  5.2 연구의 한계점
 참고문헌
 Abstract

저자

• 김규환 [ Kim, Gyuhwan | 증평새마을금고 이사장 ] 제1저자
• 최정임 [ Choi, Joungim | 한국교통대학교 경영정보학과 박사수료 ] 공동저자
• 전순영 [ Jun,Soon-Young | 한국교통대학교 경영정보학과 교수 ] 교신저자

참고문헌