Earticle

Abstract

중국어

域内外债法理论与婚姻法理论对夫妻共同债务认定之研究脱节, 未能把握夫妻共同债务的形 成机理及成立要件, 致使中国现行立法、 司法及学说对夫妻共同债务认定出现三大误区, 夫妻共同 债务认定之 “共同生活目的论”、 “婚姻关系论” 及“夫妻合意论 ”三大标准未能把握共同债务的本质 属性, 亦导致域外诸多民法典对共同债务术语的使用极不规范, 往往将共同债务概念与连带债务或 不可分债务概念相混淆。 共同债务制度凸显了团体主义的法理念, 共同债务乃共同共有人维系共同 关系所负的债务, 夫妻共同债务则为共同共有财产制下维系夫妻共同生活所负的债务。 共同债务既 非按份债务、 可分债务, 亦非连带债务、 不可分债务。 夫妻共同债务的成立须具备夫妻共同财产制 的存在及为夫妻共同生活所负债务两要件。 分别财产制下夫妻共同生活所负的债务属连带债务。 中 国夫妻对外举债性质之认定立法须贯彻夫妻共同债务的形成机理及其成立要件理论。

영어

The disconnect between obligation law theory and marriage law theory in and outside China which both cannot grasp the formation mechanism and establishment elements of communal obligation of spouse results in not only which there exists there misunderstandings on how to identify communal obligations of spouse in Chinese legislation, trial practice and civil law theory, and the three criterions to identify communal obligations of spouse which contains the common-life theory, the marriage-relationship theory and the couple’s consensus theory fail to grasp the nature of communal obligation, but also cause many civil codes outside China use innaccurate terms to convey the concept of communal obligations and confuse the concept of communal obligation with that of solidary obligation and indivisible obligation. Communal obligation system highlights the legal idea of groupism. Therefore, communal obligation is an obligation to maintain the relationship between common owners. Communal obligation is neither obligation pro parte and divisible obligation, nor solidary obligation and indivisible obligation The establishment elements of communal obligations of spouse contain existence of community property system and obligations from couple’s common life. So the obligation from couple’s common life under martial separate property system belongs to joint obligation. The above-mentioned theories should be reflected in the perfection of law on how to identify the nature of obligation in the name of the couple or the one in China.

Contents

摘要
 Ⅰ. 问题的提出
 Ⅱ. 夫妻共同债务的形成机理
 Ⅲ. 夫妻共同债务的成立要件
 Ⅳ. 分别财产制下夫妻共同生活所负债务之性质
 代结语 : 中国夫妻对外举债性质认定之立法建议
 参考文献
 

Authors

• 伍治良 [ 오치랑 | 中国中南财经政法大学法学院暨法治发展与司法改革研究中心副敎授 ]

Reference