Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Syntax and Semantics of English Cleft Constructions
2.1 Syntactic Distribution of It-Cleft Construction
2.2. Structures of English Cleft Constructions
2.3. Syntactic Distribution of Appositive Relative Construction
3. Operator-Variable Chains and Relative Operators
3.1 Wh-operators in Cleft Constructions as Relative operators
4. Summary
References